We can read of things that happened five thousand years ago in the near east where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve（保护） their history is to recount（叙述） it as sagas, legends（传说） handed（传递） down from one generation（一代） of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations（迁居） of people who lived long ago. But none could write down what they did. Anthropologists（人类学家） wondered（想知道） where the remote（遥远的） ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from.

  The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia（印度尼西亚（东南亚岛国）） about two thousand years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists（考古学家） have neither history nor legends（传说） to help them to find out where the first modern men came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint（打火石）, because this is easier to shape（形成） than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay（衰退）, and so the tools of long ago have remained（剩下） when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace（痕迹）.